Instead of leaving a pregnancy to chance, minimizing potential risks before the process begins is not just a preference, but a clinical necessity. Pre-pregnancy tests provide a snapshot of the expectant mother's current health status while allowing us to anticipate risks of diabetes, high blood pressure, or infections that may arise during pregnancy. The primary goal of these tests is not only to facilitate conception but also to eliminate factors that could threaten the baby's development in the womb.
Stage 1: Serological Screening and Immunity Status
The first step of clinical assessment is to understand which infections the body has encountered in the past and which ones it is vulnerable to. Some infections contracted during pregnancy (such as Rubella or Toxoplasmosis) can lead to serious developmental issues in the baby.
Stage 2: Determining Hematological and Metabolic Profile
Blood volume increases by approximately 50% during pregnancy. To cope with this major change, the body's iron stores and blood values must be at optimal levels.
- Complete Blood Count (CBC): Performed to detect the presence of anemia. Untreated anemia before pregnancy can lead to excessive fatigue and developmental delays for the baby throughout the process.
- Blood Type and Rh Factor: Mandatory to determine the risk of blood incompatibility between the expectant mother and father.
- Thyroid Function Tests (TSH): Thyroid hormones are critical for the baby's brain and nervous system development. When a case of latent hypothyroidism is detected through pre-pregnancy tests, the process can be managed smoothly with hormone supplementation throughout the pregnancy.
- Fasting Blood Sugar: The risk of latent diabetes or gestational diabetes is associated with serious conditions such as preeclampsia.
Stage 3: Gynecological and Structural Assessment
As much as laboratory data, the physical condition of the reproductive organs is the key to success. Ultrasonographic examinations performed at this stage reveal fibroids, polyps, or structural anomalies that could prevent the implantation of the pregnancy in the uterus. Additionally, the Smear test, performed to check cervical health, is an integral part of the pre-pregnancy test list to rule out oncological risks.
Stage 4: Vitamin and Mineral Balance
Folic acid, Vitamin D, and B12 levels play a major role in preparing the body as a “living space.” It is recommended to start folic acid supplementation at least 2-3 months before pregnancy to prevent spinal opening issues such as neural tube defects. Measuring these values allows for the creation of a needs-based support program rather than random vitamin use.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
When should I go to the doctor for pre-pregnancy tests?
It is ideal to have an examination at least 3 months before stopping contraception. This period provides enough time to complete any vitamin deficiencies or receive necessary vaccinations.
Does the expectant father need to get tested too?
Yes. Blood type determination and evaluation of the expectant father are important for healthy planning, especially if there is a history of genetic diseases in the family.
If I had a Smear test recently, do I need to have it done again?
If you have had a normal Smear test within the last year, your doctor will usually consider it sufficient. However, if there is a suspicious situation, it may be requested to be repeated.
Why is a dental examination important before pregnancy?
Gum infections are one of the factors that increase the risk of preterm birth during pregnancy. A dental examination should be included in the process while performing pre-pregnancy tests and general check-ups.
Are genetic screening tests performed at HRS Ankara Women's Hospital?
Yes, comprehensive genetic screening and counseling services are provided at our hospital, especially for couples with consanguineous marriages or a history of familial diseases.
